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Ethelbert Stauffer (May 8, 1902, in Friedelsheim – August 1, 1979 in Erlangen) was a German Protestant theologian and numismatist. ==Life== Stauffer was the son of a Mennonite preacher born and raised in Worms. After attending the local grammar school, he studied Protestant theology at the universities of Halle, Berlin and Tübingen from 1921-1925. He then entered the service of the Mennonite churches in Hamburg and Altona. He converted to the Evangelical Church in 1928, and became assistant pastor of the Provincial-Saxon church. The New Testament scholar Ernst von Dobschütz appointed him the faculty assistant in Halle, where he graduated in 1929. He became a lecturer there in 1930. In the 1930s Stauffer was appointed professor of New Testament Studies and director of Ancient History Studies at the University of Bonn. Although he evidently never joined the Nazi Party, he was a long-time and leading proponent of the "German Christian" movement, which attempted to align German Protestantism with the Party's antisemitic and ''Führerprinzip'' ideological principles,〔Tobias, Nicklas, "The Bible and Anti-Semitism" in ''The Oxford Handbook of the Reception History of the Bible'' ed. Michael Lieb, Emma Mason and Jonathan Robert (Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press, 2011), p. 276〕 and he has frequently been accused of "Nazi activities."〔Heschel, Susannah, "Confronting the Past: Post-1945 German Protestant Theology and the Fate of the Jews" in ''The Protestant-Jewish Conundrum: Studies in Contemporary Jewry'' ed. Jonathan Frankel and Ezra Mendelsohn, vol. XXIV (Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2010), p. 58.〕 Stauffer argued that it was the duty of the theological faculty to promote a relationship of trust between the church and state and "called on the theological faculties not to engage in politics, but to strengthen, through their theological work, the ''politische Spannkraft'' (political vigor) of the German ''Volk''; the unity of the German ''Volk'' cannot exist without Jesus Christ, he wrote." He also promoted physical education as part of a theological education.〔Rabinbach, Anson and Bialas, Wolfgang, ''Nazi Germany and The Humanities: How German Academics Embraced Nazism'' (New York: Oneworld Publications, 2014), p. 375.〕 One of Stauffer's early contributions to the movement was his 1933 publication ''Unser Glaube und unsere Geschichte: Zur Begegnung zwischen Kreuz und Hakenkreuz'' ("Our Faith and Our History: Towards a Meeting of the Cross and the Swastika"). His relationship with the Nazi state became ambivalent, and he was removed from his post as vice-dean of the faculty of Bonn university in January 1943 for anti-fascist statements in a lecture on "Anthony and Cleopatra."〔 After the war he (like many academics with training in Jewish texts but with compromised war-time records) escaped close scrutiny by the Allied authorities on "the naive assumption among Allied authorities ... that those who had expertise in rabbinical texts must have been sympathetic to Judaism, or at least uninvolved in Nazi activities."〔 Stauffer was elected Dean of the Faculty of Protestant Theology and restored the Bonn faculty restore, but resigned at the first meeting of the Faculty on June 5, 1946, over questions of his wartime activities. Evidently after a review of his writings, he was cleared. On December 8, 1947, however, he advised the rector that he would follow a call to Erlangen in 1948 to a newly founded chair of New Testament Studies. In 1957 he admitted the anti-semitic ideas of the German Christians by stating: "The primary role of Jesus research is clear: De-Judaizing the Jesus tradition."〔Klee, Ernst, ''Das Personenlexikon zum Dritten Reich'' (2nd ed.: Frankfurt am Main: Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, 2005), p. 598.〕 Stauffer became professor emeritus in 1967. Stauffer had two daughters and two sons. His third child followed him in his theological career. His son Dietrich is Professor Emeritus of Theoretical Physics at the University of Cologne. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ethelbert Stauffer」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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